Nuclear power VS solar power

introduction

 Energy sources are very important in this age and time; the more we develop in manufacturing industry and in technology the more the increase in our needs for energy becomes. The energy resources and reserves have become a hidden reason for the ongoing wars, and the scientists have put large efforts to look for alternative sources for energy. Alternative energy is energy fuelled in ways that do not use up the earth's natural resources or otherwise harm the environment, especially by avoiding the use of fossil fuels or nuclear power. There are a lot of energy resources in our eco-system like the solar, wind, biomass, hydropower, tidal and other sources like nuclear sources. In this research two very important resources will be discussed, solar and nuclear power.

Solar power

 Solar power is the largest source of energy entering the environment. Solar power is produced by collecting sunlight and converting it into electricity. This is done by using solar panels, which are large flat panels made up of many individual solar cells. It is most often used in remote locations, although it is becoming more popular in urban areas as well. The solar cells seen on  calculators and on the streets are called photovoltaic (PV) cells, which means "light" and voltaic meaning "electricity" and they convert sunlight directly into electricity. A module is a group of cells connected electrically and   packaged into a frame known as a solar panel, which can then be grouped into larger solar arrays. The total generated electricity from solar energy has increased many times to reach 136 GW in 2013 and the countries with total photovoltaic power capacity are Germany, Italy, China, United States and Japan. Since the beginning of solar energy usage the technology to transform the solar energy into electricity has become cheaper, so we might see more energy companies taking advantage of this technology. The advantage of solar energy is that it is a completely renewable resource. This means that even when we cannot make use of the sun’s power because of nighttime or cloudy and stormy days, we can always rely on the sun showing up the very next day as a constant and consistent power source. Also there is a disadvantage of solar power: it cannot be harnessed during a storm, on a cloudy day or at night. This limits how much power can be saved for future days. Some days you may still need to rely on oil to power your home.

Nuclear Power

Nuclear energy is the energy that comes from the core or the nucleus of an atom. The bonds which hold the atoms together contain a massive amount of energy. This energy must be released in order to make electricity. This energy can be freed in two ways: nuclear fission and nuclear fusion. Nuclear fission works by splitting the atoms apart to produce smaller atoms, and as a result energy is released. Nuclear fission is used in nuclear power plants to generate electricity through the splitting of the nuclei of uranium atoms. On the other hand, when atoms are joined together to form a larger atom, it is commonly referred to as nuclear fusion. Power plants burn fuel to produce heat to generate electricity; however, nuclear power plants use the heat given off during fission as fuel to turn water into steam. Steam is then used to turn huge turbine blades that drive generators to make electricity. There are more than 30 countries worldwide that depend on nuclear energy as a source to generate electricity; most of these countries are in Europe and France is on the top of the list when it comes to it. There is an advantage: nuclear power plants don't require a lot of space - they have to be built on the coast, but do not need a large plot like a wind farm. Also there is a disadvantage: the nuclear power stations are expensive and take a long time to build.

conclusion

When it comes to alternative energy, the nuclear and solar energy must be on the top of the list as useful sources to generate our electricity. The solar power is available to everyone and the developing technology is improving its efficiency and cost for traditional usage; so far the main disadvantage for solar energy is the low efficiency output. The nuclear energy is a double-edged sword that may cause problems to generations to come but has so far proven to be the best candidate to replace fossil fuel based sources with its high output.

Case study

Bio mechatronic

Introduction

In these days there are many accidents like car crashes and mistakes in workshop or birth defects and many other kinds of accidents. However these accidents Cause a lot of damage like cutting hands or legs. This pushes the scientists to think and make a solution for these people. The result was the invention of Bio mechatronic.

What is Bio mechatronic?

It is the union of Bio-mechanic and Bio-electronic in the biological organisms. . It works by sending signals from an Electronic chip to other parts to move, it is similar to the brain in our body. There are many kinds of bio mechatronics; there is a kind that helps legs and hands to move, this idea came from the robots because they are similar to a human being. But it is updated and made appropriate for the person who is going to use the hand or the legs, the design is made to be as perfect as human normal human’s hands or legs, this is done by increasing the accuracy of the robotic part, the brain of the robot hand or leg is a small computer it is the controller. The bio mechatronic helps you to look like normal person, will help like any person to feel comfortable and do the daily life routines.  One of the most important companies in the world that work in the bio mechatronic is Festo, It is a leading world-wide supplier of automation technology and the performance leader in industrial training and education programs, the mother country of the company is in Germany. It began in 1970 which means it has More than 40 years of experience, it also has branches worldwide.

Conclusion:

There is no end to science development and nothing is impossible in this world. Science will reach high levels in the future that no one has imagined. Also bio-mechatronics will have more importance in our life, so we may find many solutions for the heart diseases and other parts in the body, the life can be the same as sci-fi movies.

Abortion

Nowadays we heard a lot about abortion in my country and other countries in the world. An abortion is when the pregnancy is ended so that it does not result in the birth of a child. Sometimes this is called 'termination of pregnancy’.

Why should abortion be legal? Some people think that abortion is allowing a woman to have the right to make choices about when they want to have children. It is not right the government goes against a woman's choices. Raising a child is not an easy task & requires social & emotional support. As such if a person feels they are not ready for a child, why should she have to have it?

Why should abortion be illegal? Some think that abortion is murder, that a child has the right to live. However abortion can kill both of them. And abortion is not a personal choice but a grave offense against God.   

In my country our religion is Islam and the abortion is illegal in our religion. However it’s illegal in my country because of the causes after the abortion and our religion’s rules and it’s not legal in our government hospitals and other hospitals. However in some countries it is legal until the 25th week of pregnancy; after that it’s illegal. There are two types of abortion; the first is the abortion pill; they used it from week 0 - 15 and the other type is surgical abortion; they do it from week 15 – 24. The causes that could happen after the abortion are that pregnancy loss or spontaneous abortion will affect the next baby.

There are many cases of pregnant women who do the abortion because they think they are not ready to have a child. In my opinion, I am against the legal abortion because our body is owned to god so also that child inside the pregnant is owned to god, so if you don’t want to have children use precaution methods like using condoms and pregnancy pills.           

Exam

1-    Critical thinking is to use the mind to find successful solutions by being able to read between the lines and identifying the people is position.  A critical thinkers can present a point in a respsonable way and so convince other.

2-      

a-    Misunderstanding.

b-    Over estimating our own reasoning abilities.

c-     Lack of methods, strategies and practice.

d-    The emotional attitude.

e-    In sufficient focus and attention.

-         Misunderstanding: is the way that can let you find the negative or positive aspects.

-         Lack of methods, strategies and practice: There is some people that don’t know from where start to improve the critical thinking and others they are not understanding the strategies of critical thinking.

3-    Fallacy: it can be formal or informal. A fallacy is to use poor reasoning.

a-    Personalization of the argument.

b-    Ignorance.

c-     Argument from personal in ability.

d-    Confusing association with cause.

4-       

a-    Able to read and find the critical issues in a task.

b-    Focus on reading.

c-     Improvement in responding the people in massages or talk.

d-    Improved attention.

e-    Knowledge that can let you know the point more easly.

   

Global Warming

 A video of global warming seeks to raise the attention of the people about the dangerous effects of climate change in the society and suggests possible solutions to be taken into consideration when applying it.

The message from the film is to make people more attentive to what happens because of global warming and how it will affect the earth from increase in the sea level because the ice melts and also dryness in some places in the world and how it will be in the future if the global warming continues like this or increases.

My impression about the film is very good. I realized that we should start to our earth by avoid doing the global warming damage, so that we can change our planet over the years.  

Fair & false analogies

Fair & false analogies

To compare the human heart with a pump is a fair analogy, as this is essentially the function of the heart i.e. to move blood around the circulatory system via arteries & veins.

To suggest that cloning humans is dangerous and could lead to the production of a Frankenstein's monster is a false argument because if we clone a sheep we get a sheep which is exactly the same.
Cloning may or may not be a good thing but arguments against it must be based on fair analogies & sound logical argument, not scare-mongering.

Barriers to Critical Thinking

1.   Prejudice.

2. Lack of confidence.

3. Consensus.

4. Laziness - lack of practice - rote learning.

5. Poor reading and comprehension skills.

6.   Reluctance to question people of the authority / experts.